Power Generation Projects

Step 1: System Initialization
The ESP8266 powers ON using the Lithium-ion battery.
It initializes:
RFID Reader
INA219 Sensor
LCD Display
Relay Module
LCD displays:
Smart Charging
Initializing

Then:

Use RFID Card
To Start
Step 2: RFID Authentication
The user places the RFID card near the RFID reader.
ESP8266 reads the UID of the card.
It compares the scanned UID with the stored authorized UID.
If Card is Valid
Relay turns ON.
LCD displays:
Access Granted
Relay ON
If Card is Invalid
Relay remains OFF.
LCD displays:
Access Denied
Relay OFF

This ensures that only authorized users can use the charging system.

Step 3: Mechanical Energy Generation

The user presses the mechanical footstep platform.

Two energy generation methods work simultaneously.

Piezoelectric Sensors
Foot pressure generates AC voltage.
AC voltage is converted into DC using a Bridge Rectifier.
The capacitor smooths the output.
This energy is used only to glow an LED as an indication that piezo energy is being generated.
BO Motor Generator

The same footstep rotates the BO motor through the mechanical mechanism.

The BO motor acts as a DC generator.

Generated power flows through:

BO Motor
      ↓
Protection Diode
      ↓
Capacitor
      ↓
Boost Converter
      ↓
5V Output

The Boost Converter converts the varying motor voltage into a stable 5V output suitable for USB charging.

Step 4: Energy Monitoring

The output of the Boost Converter passes through the INA219 sensor.

INA219 measures:

Current
Voltage (internally)

The ESP8266 continuously reads the current value.

Step 5: Charging Detection

ESP8266 checks:

Current > 5mA ?
If NO

LCD displays:

Rotate Motor
For Charging

This indicates that sufficient energy is not being generated.

If YES

ESP8266 assumes charging has started.

LCD displays:

Charging V:5.2V
I:569mA
5.2V is the fixed charging voltage displayed for demonstration.
Current is the actual value measured by the INA219 sensor.
Step 6: Mobile Charging

Since the relay is already ON after successful RFID authentication:

Boost Converter
        ↓
Relay
        ↓
USB Charging Module
        ↓
Mobile Phone

The mobile receives charging power generated by the BO motor.

Overall System Flow
Power ON
      │
      ▼
Initialize ESP8266
      │
      ▼
Scan RFID Card
      │
      ├──────── Invalid
      │            │
      │            ▼
      │      Access Denied
      │      Relay OFF
      │
      ▼
Valid Card
      │
      ▼
Relay ON
      │
      ▼
Step on Foot Platform
      │
      ├──────── Piezo
      │            │
      │            ▼
      │      Bridge Rectifier
      │            │
      │            ▼
      │      Capacitor
      │            │
      │            ▼
      │          LED Glow
      │
      ▼
BO Motor Generator
      │
      ▼
Boost Converter
      │
      ▼
INA219 Measurement
      │
      ▼
Current > 5mA ?
      │
      ├──────── No
      │            │
      │            ▼
      │     "Rotate Motor"
      │
      ▼
Yes
      │
      ▼
Charging V:5.2V
Current: XXX mA
      │
      ▼
USB Charging Output
      │
      ▼
Mobile Charging